УДК330.341.1

Н. С. Станасюк
Національний університет “Львівська політехніка”

ФОРМУВАННЯ ПРОМИСЛОВИХ КЛАСТЕРІВ ЯК ПЕРСПЕКТИВНИЙ НАПРЯМ РОЗВИТКУ ПРОМИСЛОВОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ

© Станасюк Н. С., 2016

Досліджено науково-методичні передумови формування промислових кластерів та проведено виділення шести наукових шкіл, ідеї яких стали основою розвитку кластерної теорії. Виділено основні етапи становлення промислових кластерів, що пов’язано із еволюційним розвитком світової економіки. Розкрито економічну сутність промислових кластерів, виділено їх особливості, визначені основні учасники та зв’язки між ними. Досліджено як вітчизняний, так і зарубіжний досвід кластеризації національної еконо¬міки. Визначено формування інноваційних кластерів як основний напрям розвитку промислового потенціалу, який сприятиме зростанню його конкурентоспроможності. Запропоновано концепцію кластеризації, в основу якої покладена мережева концент¬рація промислового виробництва із виділенням точок росту (високотехнологічних виробництв), що матиме позитивний вплив на модернізацію продуктивних сил та соціально-економічний розвиток регіонів.
Kлючові слова: промисловий кластер, розвиток, промисловий потенціал.

N. S. Stanasyuk
Lviv Polytechnic National University

FORMATION OF INDUSTRIAL CLUSTERS AS A PROMISING DIRECTION OF INDUSTRIAL POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT

© Stanasyuk N. S., 2016

Today industrial potential is considered to be the basis for future economic growth of the country. Its effective development will facilitate the transition to innovative economy as a strategic state guide on the way to European integration. Taking into account the experience of leading countries, cluster approach should be regarded as a vector of modern industrial development. Introduction of the concept of industry clusteringunder the condition of global economy is concerned as the major factor of increasing the competitiveness of the national economy.
Scientific and methodological preconditions for the formation of industrial clusters are studied in the article, their systematization and generalization is made, which allowedto point out six academic schools, which main ideas became the basis of the cluster theory.Basic scientific approaches to cluster formation are analyzed and main stages of industrial clusters such as creation ofsectoral and innovation clusters, due to the evolution of the global economy, are determined.The economic essence of industrial clusters, their features, main participants and relationships among them are distinguished.The main participants of the cluster under conditions of innovation economy are to be scientific research institutions, educational institutions, industrial enterprises, government and regional governments, financial intermediaries as well as infrastructure objects, which provide the creation of market, information and innovative environment.
The international experience of the national economy clustering is studied, which indicates the relevance and appropriateness of introducing the cluster approach to the development of industrial potential.The approaches to the creation of cluster formations in the leading European, Asian countries and the USA are defined. Possibilities of international experience adjustment to the conditions of the national economy are analyzed.
The development of cluster formations in Ukraine, including the activities of industrial clusters of Padilla, Carpathian and Zaporozhe region, is considered. It is pointed out that, despite the advantages of cluster approach, no suitableconditions for its implementation have been created in the country today. The main factor hampering the spread of clustering in the country’s economyis the lack of the concept of cluster development.
The formation of innovation clusters is determined as the main direction of industrial potential development,which will improve its competitiveness. The concept of clustering, based on network concentration of industrial productionwith allocation of the growing points (high-tech industries) that will have a positive impact on the modernization of productive forces and socio-economic development of regions, isoffered.The conducted analysis allowed to identify the main benefits thestate can receive from implementation of the cluster of industries. The mainprinciples, on whichthe concept of cluster development of industrial potential should be based, are defined: orientation on current trends of industrial potential development; conceptual basis is to be consistent with the strategic guidelines of the national economy; the content should include modern scientific and methodological tools. It was proved that the implementation of the concept requires the creation of necessary conditions both on macro- and mesa- levels in order to form a favorable institutional environment.
Conclusions as to the necessity of stage-by-stage introduction of the concept of cluster development of industrial potential in Ukraine were made in the article.
Key words: industrial cluster, development, industrial potential.

Література – 13